Multiscale design for system-wide peer-to-peer energy trading

The integration of renewable generation and the electrification heating transportation are critical for sustainable energy transition toward net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. These changes require large-scale adoption distributed resources (DERs). Peer-to-peer (P2P) trading has gained attention as a new approach incentivizing uptake coordination DERs, with advantages computational scalability, prosumer autonomy, market competitiveness. However, major unresolved challenges remain scaling out P2P trading, including enforcing network constraints, managing uncertainty, mediating transmission distribution conflicts. Here, we propose novel multiscale design framework inter-platform mechanisms to align local transactions system-level requirements, analytical tools enhance long-term planning investment decisions by accounting forecast real-time operation. By integrating into operation across spatial temporal scales, DERs is tenable can create economic, environmental, social co-benefits. 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